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{{Wikipedia how to|H:RTAG|WP:RTAG}}
This page, '''Help:Reftags''', explains the use of the reftag element, {{nobr |"'''&lt;ref>'''...'''&lt;/ref>'''"}} for defining reference [[wp:footnotes|footnotes]], as displayed by using a {{nobr|"{{tl|Reflist}}"}} template to list the footnotes. A reftag can also be defined by using wikitext function {{nobr|<nowiki>"{{#tag:ref|...}}"</nowiki>}} to generate the text {{nobr|<nowiki>"<ref>...</ref>"</nowiki>}} and allow direct use of [[wp:subst|subst]]'ing of templates to embed equivalent markup inside a footnote.

== Defining a reftag element ==
The general format is <code><nowiki><ref>text</ref></nowiki></code> for a simple reftag footnote. However reftags can have a <code>name="xx"</code> to define a footnote to be reused on a page by named ref, {{nobr|<code><nowiki><ref name="xx"/></nowiki></code>}}, as when citing the same webpage at several spots in the article text.
There can be more than 3,000 reftag footnotes defined on a page, but usually there are less than a hundred.<ref group="fn">A reftag formats extremely fast, but users can become overwhelmed with more than 500 footnotes on a page.</ref>

===Citing different pages in a single source===
When citing different pages in a single source, a named ref<ref name="author1990">book</ref> can be followed by a {{tl|R}} template.  Given a ref like "<code><nowiki><ref name="author1990">book</ref></nowiki></code>", the ref "<code>'''author1990'''</code>" can be reused, now using a different page number, say 53. This subsequent ref <code><nowiki>{{R|author1990|p=53}}</nowiki></code> will show the same superscript number, with a suffix of a colon and, in this case 53, the page number.{{R|author1990|p=53}} This format allows the reader to click to the reference section, and then click on other references from the same source. 

===Named groupings===
Rather than define hundreds of footnotes in a single list, various reftags could split to some named groupings, such as using "<code><nowiki><ref group="gg">...</ref>"</nowiki></code>" to collect those footnotes into group name "gg" as displayed by "<code><nowiki><references group="gg"/></nowiki></code>".<ref group="fn">This is a sample footnote in group=fn.</ref> For example, a common tactic is to define footnote group "fn" which shows each link as {{nobr|"<sup>[fn 9]</sup>"}} for the 9th footnote in the <code>group="fn"</code>. A group name can be multiple words in {{nobr|".."}} or in apostrophes (<code>group={{nobr|'set xx yy'}}</code>), but a single-word name can omit the quotation marks or apostrophes (as: <code>group=fn</code>). Hence, many group names are typically one-word labels, to avoid excessive apostrophes or quotation marks.<ref group="fn">This footnote uses apostrophes in name group='fn'.</ref>

== Defining a reftag function ==
Rather than using an element <nowiki>"<ref>text</ref>"</nowiki>, an alternate method is to use the wikitext function tag:ref, as {{nobr|<nowiki>"{{#tag:ref|...text...}}"</nowiki>}} to define the contents of a footnote.

Examples:
* Using <nowiki>"{{#tag:ref|Example of tag:ref function}}"</nowiki> will show a superscript number: {{#tag:ref|Example of tag:ref function}} and list footnote "Example of tag:ref function" under the References.
* Using named <nowiki>"{{#tag:ref|Named reftag function xx1|name=xx1}}"</nowiki> will show a superscript number: {{#tag:ref|Named reftag function xx1|name=xx1}} and list footnote "Named reftag function xx1" under the References below. The footnote name 'xx1' then can be reused by putting {{nobr|<nowiki>"<ref name=xx1/>"</nowiki>}} at various points<ref name=xx1/> in the text.<ref name=xx1/>

==Footnotes (fn)==
<references group="fn"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== See also ==
* [[wp:Advanced footnote formatting|Advanced footnote formatting]] – special layouts
* [[wp:Citing sources|Citing sources]] – how to format footnotes or bibliography
* [[wp:Reliable sources|Reliable sources]] ([[wp:RS|RS]]) – about reputable references
* [[wp:Find sources|Find sources]] – how to hunt for quality source documents
* {{tl|Cite web}} – most-common cite [[wp:template|template]]
* {{tl|Cite book}} – to link a book/chapter or volume as source reference
* [[mw:Help:Cite|Help:Cite]] – citation feature provided by [[MediaWiki]]

{{Wikipedia referencing}}
[[Category:Wikipedia sources]]
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