Development

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Revision as of 03:36, 14 March 2022 by Kg7qin (talk | contribs) (Updated adding info for adding 32 bit and 64 bit cross compilers)
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Welcome to the Development section for the AllStarLink/PTTLink system.

Development
Raspberry-Pi-3-B.webp
Example PTTLink Node
This document is a work in progress and is still being updated by the author.

Compiling

Information related to compiling app_rpt and other various software.

Installing cross compiling toolchain

Lintaro has a recent version of the GCC 4.9 compiler that can be used to cross compile binaries for the Raspberry PI.

1. Install tools:

apt install git make gcc device-tree-compiler bison flex libssl-dev libncurses-dev

2. Install latest GCC 4,9 cross compiler and associated toolset:

32 bit

wget http://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/4.9-2017.01/arm-linux-gnueabihf/gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
sudo tar xf gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz -C /opt

64 bit

wget http://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/4.9-2017.01/aarch64-linux-gnu/gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
sudo tar xf gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz -C /opt

Cross compiling

Compiling on the Raspberry PI is both extremely slow and an exercise in pain. Thankfully there are ways to cross compile the software using a standard desktop computer with the Raspberry PI as the target.

Raspberry PI 3

Note: These instructions will use the 64bit Kernel for the Raspberry PI 3.

Kernel versions

  • Replace the 4.19 with the specific version of the Linux kernel you want in the git clone command below.

You will need to already have a Debian build machine setup to do this.

Configure Debian Build Machine

  • Create build directory
mkdir ~/Pi3-Kernel && cd ~/Pi3-Kernel
  • Clone the Raspbverry Pi repository and pre-built binaries (removing the pre-built 32bit Kernel)
git clone --depth=1 -b rpi-4.19.y https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux.git
svn export https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/trunk/boot
rm boot/kernel*
rm boot/*.dtb
rm boot/overlays/*.dtbo
  • Load stock Raspbery Pi 3 configuration
cd linux
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- bcmrpi3_defconfig
  • Update config using nconfig (if required. Skip if using stock config)
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- nconfig
  • Build Kernel with optimizations for the Pi 3 Arm Cortex A53 CPU
ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- make -j4 \
    CXXFLAGS="-march=armv8-a+crypto+crc -mtune=cortex-a53" \
    CFLAGS="-march=armv8-a+crypto+crc -mtune=cortex-a53" \
    bindeb-pkg
cp arch/arm64/boot/Image ../boot/kernel8.img
cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/overlays/*.dtbo ../boot/overlays/
cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/*.dtb ../boot/
cd ..
  • Copy new Kernel from build machine and cleanup build folder.

Note: we are copying the files to a network share mounted under /mnt/pi3dev 

sudo cp *.deb /mnt/pi3dev/Pi3-Kernel/
sudo cp -r boot /mnt/pi3dev/Pi3-Kernel/
sudo rm ~/Pi3-Kernel/linux*
sudo rm -r ~/Pi3-Kernel/boot

Update Raspberry Pi 3

Startup configuration

  • Create cmdline.txt and config.txt to boot (as required). Keep a copy in home directory for now
echo 'dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=tty1 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait net.ifnames=0' > ~/cmdline.txt
echo $'kernel=kernel8.img\ngpu_mem=16\narm_64bit=1' > ~/config.txt

Kernel installation

  • Remove old Kernel and install the one we compiled from our network share (you'll need to mount it)
sudo cp /mnt/pi3dev/Pi3-Kernel/*.deb /home/pi/
cd ~/
mkdir temp && cd temp
sudo apt purge linux-headers-* linux-image-*
cd .. && rm -r temp
sudo rm -r /boot/*
sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-*.deb linux-image-*.deb linux-libc-*.deb
sudo cp -r /mnt/pi3dev/Pi3-Kernel/boot/* /boot/
sudo cp ~/cmdline.txt /boot/
sudo cp ~/config.txt /boot/
sudo reboot

Raspberry PI 4

Note: These instructions will use the 64bit Kernel for the Raspberry Pi 4.

Kernel versions

  • Replace the 4.19 with the specific version of the Linux kernel you want in the git clone command below.
  • Support for hardware with more than 3GB of RAM is only available in 4.19 and above.
    • A workaround is to add total_mem=3072 to config text when using other Kernel version with the 4GB Pi 4.
  • FKMS 3D driver fixes are only available in version 4.19 of the Kernel
    • 3D acceleration does not work and it falls back to software emulation

You will need to already have a Debian build machine setup to do this.

Configure Debian Build Machine

  • Create build directory
mkdir ~/Pi4-Kernel && cd ~/Pi4-Kernel
  • Clone the Raspbverry Pi repository and pre-built binaries (removing the pre-built 32bit Kernel)
git clone --depth=1 -b rpi-4.19.y https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux.git
svn export https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/trunk/boot
rm boot/kernel*
rm boot/*.dtb
rm boot/overlays/*.dtbo
  • Load stock Raspbery Pi 4 configuration
cd linux
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- bcm2711_defconfig
  • Update config using nconfig (if required. Skip if using stock config)
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- nconfig
  • Build Kernel with optimizations for the Pi 4 Arm Cortex A72 CPU
ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- make -j4 \
    CXXFLAGS="-march=armv8-a+crc -mtune=cortex-a72" \
    CFLAGS="-march=armv8-a+crc -mtune=cortex-a72" \
    bindeb-pkg
cp arch/arm64/boot/Image ../boot/kernel8.img
cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/overlays/*.dtbo ../boot/overlays/
cp arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/*.dtb ../boot/
cd ..
  • Copy new Kernel from build machine and cleanup build folder.

Note: we are copying the files to a network share mounted under /mnt/pi4dev 

sudo cp *.deb /mnt/pi4dev/Pi4-Kernel/
sudo cp -r boot /mnt/pi4dev/Pi4-Kernel/
sudo rm ~/Pi4-Kernel/linux*.deb
sudo rm -r ~/Pi4-Kernel/boot

Update Raspberry Pi 4

Startup configuration

  • Create cmdline.txt and config.txt to boot (as required). Keep a copy in home directory for now
echo 'dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=tty1 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait net.ifnames=0' > ~/boot/cmdline.txt
echo $'kernel=kernel8.img\ngpu_mem=512\narm_64bit=1\ndtoverlay=vc4-fkms-v3d' > ~/boot/config.txt

Kernel installation

  • Remove old Kernel and install the one we compiled from our network share (you'll need to mount it)
sudo cp /mnt/pi4dev/Pi4-Kernel/*.deb /home/pi/
cd ~/
mkdir temp && cd temp
sudo apt purge linux-headers-* linux-image-*
cd .. && rm -r temp
sudo rm -r /boot/*
sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-*.deb linux-image-*.deb linux-libc-*.deb
sudo cp -r /mnt/pi4dev/Pi4-Kernel/boot/* /boot/
sudo cp ~/boot/cmdline.txt /boot/
sudo cp ~/boot/config.txt /boot/
sudo reboot
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